Blogs posts on the teaching of writing.

How and Why I Track My Writing Time (katherinecowley.com)

How and Why I Track My Writing Time (Using Toggl)

How and Why I Track My Writing Time (katherinecowley.com)

Since 2013, I have been tracking the time I spend writing. This has resulted in my glorious end of year posts, filled with charts on the number of hours I’ve spent, and calculations on exactly how long I spend on each stage of writing a book.

Hours Spent Writing Per Month in 2022. January: 103 hours 39 minutes. February: 80 hours 59 minutes. March: 84 hours 4 minutes. April: 58 hours 12 minutes. May: 108 hours 44 minutes. June 66 hours 52 minutes. July 57 hours 21 minutes. August: 47 hours 30 minutes. September: 108 hours 49 minutes. October: 93 hours 28 minutes. November: 77 hours 5 minutes. December: 49 hours 58 minutes.

Hours Spent Writing Per Year. KatherineCowley.com. 2014: 520 hours. 2015: 600 hours. 2016: 530 hours. 2017: 400 hours. 2018: 675 hours. 2019: 734 hours. 2020: 909 hours.

Hours Spent Per Writing Project in 2022. Website, Guest Posts, Book Launches, Presentations, Marketing 309 New Murder Mystery 227 Development 148 Board of Directors for Writing Nonprofit 75.5 Jane Austen Writing Lessons 54.5 Journal Writing 49 Mary Bennet Book 3 32 Novel I'm abandoning 24 Other 18

Chart that shows Time Spent Writing and Revising The Lady's Guide to Death and Deception

Every single time I post about the results of my time tracking, I get questions on how I track my time. So question no more: I’m about to tell you the hows and the whys of tracking my writing time.

First, Why I Track My Writing Time

I spent years not really writing consistently. While some writers can quite effectively write a couple times a month or year, for me this resulted in me writing 2-5 chapters of a number of stories and never finishing any of them.

Then a few things happened: I read the book The Power of Habit by Charles Duhigg, which helped me think about turning writing into a habit, I attended a book signing by Shannon Hale, where she recommended that writers write regularly, and I read a blog post by Susan Dennard on keeping a writing journal. Feeling all-around inspired, I began tracking my writing time.

In doing so I discovered:

  • Writing new words is only one small aspect of my writing process. Research, outlining, revisions—these are all essential to my writing process.
  • All the other writing-related things I work on help me as a writer and count as writing too. If I read a book on writing, attend a writing conference, or critique someone else’s writing, it builds my skills as a writer.
  • I am a slow writer. While I still sometimes do it, tracking daily word counts can be discouraging, while tracking my writing time helps me see my progress.
  • Tracking my writing time holds me accountable. I’m less likely to waste time browsing social media or procrastinating writing when I’m going to log my time.

How I Track My Writing Time

From 2014 to 2017, I tracked my writing time using a notebook/writing journal. Every day I would write down what I did and how much time I spent on it. Or, if I didn’t do anything, I had to write that down.

It was really motivating. And it also resulted in a lot of manual math at the end of each year to figure out how much time I spent writing.

Then in the summer of 2017, I moved, and during the move I lost that year’s writing journal. I also stopped tracking time and almost gave up writing. As one does. (Did I really want to be a writer? Do I really have what it takes to be a writer? Don’t we all stand in front of the mirror and ask that on occasion?)

But then I kept writing.

In 2018 I decided to take the plunge and use a digital option to track my time: Toggl Track. And I’ve absolutely loved it.

Toggl Track

Toggl Track is a time tracking app that you can use in a web browser and as an app. What I love about it is how much it allows you to customize in terms of categories, projects, and tags, and how you can easily generate reports. The basic plan (which I use) is free, though with the paid version you can do extra types of reports, save reports, do more with teams, etc.

While I personally love Toggl, there are lots of other good time tracking apps out there. However, regardless of what you decide to use, the conceptual approach I took to customizing Toggl may be useful to you.

The Big Picture Categories

Toggl’s structure uses big-picture categories which you can subdivide into smaller task.

For Toggl, the big picture category is called a Client.

The Clients view in Toggl Track, where you can create "Clients" for each of your big picture writing goals/tasks

I use clients to for the big-picture categories of how I spend my time:

  • Development
  • Marketing
  • Personal Writing
  • Submissions
  • Each novel that I write becomes a big picture category (for example, “Mary Bennet,” “Mary Bennet Book 2,” “Mary Bennet book 3,” etc.)

While “client” is very much a business-oriented approach to looking at these bigger categories, it reminds me that I need to put time into each of these things. Developing my writing, doing personal writing, submissions—these are each things I can feed by putting time into them.

Depending on the year, I spend more or less on each category. For example, when I was searching for an agent, the “Submissions” category needed a lot more hours. Now it only takes a handful of hours, for the few short stories I submit to publishers each year.

Breaking Your Big Picture Categories into Projects

Big picture categories help me to focus on my big picture writing goals—the larger areas of how I spend my time. But to be really useful, I need to create individual projects for each larger category.

In Toggl, each client can be given as many “projects” as needed.

This is a pretty standard list of projects for one of my novels:

More Categories: Newspapers; Proofread; Research; Copyedits; Tule Revision; Publication Tasks; Outlining and Planning

Each draft is a separate project. Research is a project. Outlining is a project. And apparently I accidentally created two separate newspaper research projects.

Here are the projects I created for my Development category:

Development Category: Critiquing; General Accounting; Meta/Planning/Goals; Networking; Writing Craft Research; Writing Group

These are each things that help me develop myself as a writer, or help me assist other writers on their own journeys.

Next, let’s look at the current projects in my Marketing category:

Marketing Category: Book Reviews; Jane Austen Writing Lessons; Mailchimp; Mary Bennet Marketing; Presentations, Guest Blogging, Networking; Researching Marketing; Social Media Promotion; Twitter Outreach; Website

These projects are flexible—you can easily add new projects in a category or archive ones you no longer need. I need to retire the Book Reviews project, because I’m not using that at the moment. And “Twitter Outreach” needs to be combined with “Social Media,” because that’s how I’ve been logging it. (Note: I don’t log just any time I spend on Twitter and social media—that would be a slippery slope to doing more writing. Rather, I log things like creating book-related posts, participating in Twitter events like #momswritersclub, etc.)

Side Note: I haven’t done this, but with a paid subscription to Toggl you can get more granular and create Sub-Projects (projects within each of these projects, which are called Tasks).

Logging the Time: Descriptions and Tags

Once I have my big picture categories (clients) and projects set up to my satisfaction, I’m ready to time track.

On a web browser, this is what the Track view looks like.

The Toggl Track View, with place to type a Description; Ability to Select the Project and Client; and a Start/Stop Button

I select the Project (with its client) that I am working on, I type in a description of what I’m doing, and then I press the start button.

Editing and Adding Missed Entries

There are plenty of times when I forget to press either the start or the stop button, or forgot to track my writing time entirely. But it’s really easy to fix. I click the + button to add a missed entry or I click on an entry’s attributes to edit them.

Editing an Entry - Click the + button to add a missed entry. Click on an entry to edit times.

Tracking Word Count

There are a lot of dedicated word count trackers out there, and if you put a big focus on tracking your word count, you may want to use one of them.

Word count is not my focus, but I do track it when I’m writing a first draft. I just do this in Toggl. I write my total number of words written in the description, and then I add a tag for word count, to make it easy to sort for word count later in the reports.

Adding the word count to the description and then adding a "Word Count" tag

I pulled up the word count tag for the first draft of my third Mary Bennet novel, The Lady’s Guide to Death and Deception, and you can see different amounts written on different chapters (and if you click on an entry, you can get more detailed information, like the date):

Sorting by the word count tag

Other Views and Reports

One of my favorite parts of tracking my time is looking at the Week View. This helps me to see my progress over the course of the week, and what I’ve been working on.

The Toggl Week View: Looking at Your Writing Over a Week

In addition to sorting by project, you can also sort by your clients/big picture categories.

One of my other favorite reports is the Month View:

The month view in Toggl: tracking your writing over a month

I like the month view for looking at my big-picture progress for the month. Over fifty hours on my current novel meant that I made lots of progress on the book. It also means that I didn’t let all my other types of writing tasks become more important than what I had selected as that month’s big goal.

Sorting for a Particular Client or Category (or for a Selection of Clients or Categories):

One of the most useful things about digital tracking is the ability to see more specific details about the time spent on just one segment of my writing time.

For example, I went to reports and set it for the year 2021. Then I selected three clients or big picture categories, “Mary Bennet,” “Mary Bennet Book 2,” and “Mary Bennet Book 3” so I could see the time spent that year on my entire Mary Bennet spy series.

Sorting for a single client - The Lady's Guide to Death and Deception. You can see the single project over the course of the year, including how many hours per month and how much time was spent on each draft, etc.

I spent only 20 minutes on the first book in the series, 29 hours on the second book in the series, and 386 hours on the third book in the series.

However, this isn’t a full look at what I did on the series. The first Mary Bennet book was released in 2021, and I want to add in the time I spent related to marketing the book.

I leave the existing filters for the three Mary Bennet books, and then, under projects, I also select Mary Bennet Marketing:

Adding a project category to a focused report in Toggl

This now gives me the full look at the time I spent both writing—and marketing—my Mary Bennet spy series during 2021.

A report which shows the time for both a client and an additional project

As you can see, the time went up from 416 hours to 538 hours, because I spent 122 hours on marketing related tasks.

Moving Forward, One Hour at a Time

There’s so much that you can’t control about writing. You can’t control if your book will sell, or if it sells, if it will do well. There are ideas that have to be abandoned, periods of time where the creative well is dry and the muse has fled.

You can’t always even control how much time and energy you have to put towards writing. Life circumstances and other obligations can have a huge impact on what time you have to put toward writing. If this year continues in the way that I expect, I will likely have less time to spend writing this year than I spent writing in 2022.

But what I like about time tracking is that it helps me recognize how I’m spending the writing time that I have. Every hour I put towards my writing is a step forward—it’s a recognition is that I’m bringing my stories and dreams to life.

Have you tried tracking time or word count? Does it work for you? Do you a similar method, or do you use a different method? I would love to hear in the comments!

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Why I Love Receiving Rejections

Why I Love Receiving Rejections
Rejections and failures are a huge part of life in general. And if you’re a writer, you get them all the time. I’ve gotten three rejections so far this week–and this actually makes me really happy.
 
Right now, I’m in the process of submitting a novel, a graphic novel script, and three short stories for publication. I’m also revising a personal essay to submit to a competition next week, and revising a play to submit to a ten-minute playwriting festival.
 
If I have that many things in my submission queue, it means that I’m getting a lot of rejections. A few of my short stories have been published the first time I’ve submitted them; most of them I’ve had to submit four or five times until I’ve found the right home for them. And some of my polished stories have never found homes, despite my best efforts.  
 
Over time, I’ve developed a bit of a thick skin (thank you, grad school). But really, rejection is not failure. Rejection means I’m trying, I’m putting myself out there–I’m taking big risks. Rejection means that I’m challenging myself, I’m putting in the mandatory effort. Sometimes a rejection means that my writing wasn’t good enough, or used a cliched trope. Sometimes they recently published something too similar. And sometimes the writing is great, but they don’t love it–it’s not a match for them (publishing is like dating–two awesome people do not always make an awesome couple).
 
Two of the rejections I received this week are what is called a “form letter,” basically a “Dear Author, your story was not what we were looking for. Good luck.” In one of the form letters I got this week, it literally said “Dear Author”–and I can’t blame them, as editors and agents often have hundreds of submissions to read in a day.
 
Another rejection I received was personalized. They said my short story was well-written, and then said specifically why it isn’t a match for their magazine (they prefer stories where the fantasy element is more integral to the plot rather than the background). And then they said, “we would be happy to see more from you in the future.” This is the second, very personalized rejection letter I’ve received for the story, and I get the feeling that it’s catching attention, and that it will find a home, as long as I don’t give up, as long as I keep at it.
To me, rejections aren’t an invitation to give up. They’re a sign that I’m going somewhere.

10 Questions for Avoiding Deus ex Machina in Fantasy and Science Fiction

10 Questions for Avoiding Deus ex Machina in Science Fiction and Fantasy

Helios in his chariot, 4th century BC, Athena’s Temple in Ilion. Image credit: Gryffindor (public domain)

Deus ex machina literally means “God in the machine.” My first introduction to it was as a 15 year old reading the Greek tragedy Medea. Medea kills her children, but is saved, at the last moment, by the sun god sending down a chariot to take her away. The Greeks would actually use a crane to lower someone or something onto the stage to save the day.

Jeff Vandermeer, in Wonderbook writes: “The very thing that readers love about fantasy, for example, can backfire… Fantasy writers may also feel some pressure to ‘get out of jail free’ by using the fantasy element to create closure when it hasn’t been earned by the characters or events in the story. Because everything is possible, nothing has any tension…or any weight. The bit of magic that resolves things too easily or the singular invention or the sudden rescue—there are parallels in contemporary realism, but they don’t stand out quite so much. There’s nothing like a sudden dragon blasting across the page to signal an unintentional celebration of spectacular coincidence…”

10 Questions for Avoiding Deus Ex Machina in Science Fiction and Fantasy

Is someone solving the problem that is not the main character? Is someone else saving the main character? And does this happen near the end of the book?

Why can’t the main character solve the problem or save herself?

Is the person saving the day an important secondary character? Have you properly foreshadowed their relationship with the main character and the tools that they have to save the day?

Can the main character do something earlier to pave the way for them being saved now?

Can I foreshadow this so it doesn’t feel completely random?

Even while being saved by someone else, can the main character be active—doing something and contributing?

If the main character is being saved now, can she still solve the main conflict of the novel on her own?

Read the rest of my presentation on Rule-Based Worldbuilding

Rule-Based Worldbuilding for Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Steampunk

Just because you are writing speculative fiction, it doesn’t mean you can do whatever you want. Your readers expect a cohesive, coherent world. That is why you need rule-based worldbuilding: you set up the rules of a world, and then you stick to them.

This presentation was originally given at the ANWA 2016 Time Out for Writers in Tempe, Arizona.

Steel and Bone
My steampunk story, “The Clockwork Seer,” is available on Kindle and in paperback on Amazon.

Key quotes on Rule-Based Worldbuilding:

David Anthony Durham (author of epic fantasy and historical fiction): “There’s an element of freedom in worldbuilding, but I’d call it a ‘responsibility’ as well—to establish the rules of your world and then live by them. I can decide to plop a desert down here and mountain range over there, but then I—and my characters—have to live with the challenges created by that. I don’t unmake stuff when it poses problems. Just the opposite. Watching how characters are bound and challenged by the things I created is what it’s all about.”

In 1893 the Scottish author George MacDonald wrote in “The Fantastic Imagination”: “man may, if he pleases, invent a little world of his own, with its own laws.

“His world once invented, the highest law that comes next into play is, that there shall be harmony between the laws by which the new world has begun to exist; and in the process of his creation, the inventor must hold by those laws. The moment he forgets one of them, he makes the story, by its own postulates, incredible. To be able to live a moment in an imagined world, we must see the laws of its existence obeyed. Those broken, we fall out of it. The imagination in us, whose exercise is essential to the most temporary submission to the imagination of another, immediately, with the disappearance of Law, ceases to act…. A man’s inventions may be stupid or clever, but if he does not hold by the laws of them, or if he makes one law jar with another, he contradicts himself as an inventor, he is no artist….Obeying law, the maker works like his creator; not obeying law, he is such a fool as heaps a pile of stones and calls it a church.”

In “On Fairy-stories” J. R. R. Tolkien wrote: “the storymaker…makes a Secondary World which your mind can enter. Inside it, what he relates is ‘true’: it accords with the laws of that world. You therefore believe it while you are, as it were, inside. The moment disbelief arises, the spell is broken; the magic, or rather art, has failed. You are then out in the Primary World again, looking at the little abortive Secondary World from outside.”

Jeff Vandermeer, in Wonderbook: “The very thing that readers love about fantasy, for example, can backfire… Fantasy writers may also feel some pressure to ‘get out of jail free’ by using the fantasy element to create closure when it hasn’t been earned by the characters or events in the story. Because everything is possible, nothing has any tension…or any weight. The bit of magic that resolves things too easily or the singular invention or the sudden rescue—there are parallels in contemporary realism, but they don’t stand out quite so much. There’s nothing like a sudden dragon blasting across the page to signal an unintentional celebration of spectacular coincidence…”

Rule-Based Worldbuilding and Plot Structure: I wrote several paragraphs and ten questions on avoiding deus ex machina in science fiction and fantasy.

Rule Based Worldbuilding for Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Steampunk

ANWA Presentation: Optimizing Your Author Website for Google and Social Media

To really optimize your author website, you need to do more than just SEO: you need to make your website content stimulating, searchable, sharable, and savable. Additionally, ideas are given for unpublished authors on how to start a website and what to blog about. This presentation was given at the ANWA Time Out For Writer’s Conference on September 16, 2016.

List of Ideas for Published and Unpublished Authors to Blog About:

±Short stories

±Poetry

±Comics

±Art

±Photo a Day

±Personal Writing Process

±Personal Inspiration

±Writers you admire

±Book reviews

±Movie reviews

±Something related to craft you’ve gone searching for and not found  a good answer

±Life updates

±Travel/Events

±Your non-writing hobby

±Where you live (i.e. parks/ historic sites/history etc.)

±Subjects your characters care about

±Top 10 Lists

±Your Genre

±Subjects your characters care about

±Resources for Readers (i.e. genre compilation lists)

±How to Guides

±Soundtracks to your book/life

±Cooking/Crafts

±Kids/Family/Church

±Rhetorical treatises on things you care about

±Satire

±Current events

±Dream cast the characters in your stories

±Your favorite first lines from books in your genre

±Create a Buzzfeed style quiz about something you care about

±Season/month/holiday theme

±Languages and foreign lands

±Grammar misused “in the wild”

±Favorite authors

±Creative history of a subject you care about

±Things you collect

±Quotes to inspire

±Book trailer

±Fan book trailers or art

±Concerts, writing conferences, and special events

±Word history/analysis

Useful Links

Note: I didn’t have time to actually turn these into hyperlinks yet, but that will happen ASAP.

The platform I use for my website: WordPress

Email subscription service (free up to 1000 subscribers): MailChimp

Image Editing and Creation: Canva

Keyword Research: Keywordtool.io

More Keyword Research: do a Google search

WordPress SEO Plugin: Yoast SEO

Advanced Keyword Research: kwfinder.com and semrush.com

Creative Commons searches–make sure you perform an advanced search so it’s an image you have rights to use. If it requires attribution, then attribute it in your post: Flickr, Google, Bing, Google, Wikimedia Commons

Free stock photos (no attribution required): Pexels

Learn to write good titles and blog posts: Buzzfeed

Plugins I Use on My Website:

Akismet (spam filter)

All in One Favicon

Easy Forms for MailChimp by YIKES

Exclude Pages from Navigation

Special Recent Posts Free Edition

Yoast SEO

Coming soon… other good plugins (will update this weekend)

Optimizing Your Author Website for Google & Social Media